Law and Criminality Perspectives

Law and Criminality PerspectivesLaws be rules of conduct to guide entirely mint they ar rules that can be implemented by a legitimate authority. More virtues ar made and enforced as our kind-hearteds and society be gains increasingly complex. Laws argon basic onlyy rules of basic behavior and secern write d stimulate by man as an attempt to admirer us all(prenominal) live together more happily and safely. Whether they are written or non, they are the basis for all societies, be eccentric with aside approximately convention of agreement and co-operation between slew, society would not exist. roughly truths are for our own benefits and protection they preserve public order and policy. With reveal laws, a society go forth be an anarchy, dysfunctional, full of chaos, in unslopedice and immorality. With appear laws, we would all live exchangeable animals in nature, each person pursuing wizs own desires with no regard for the cause of his or her behavior on other(a) s and this would lead to suffering. Laws, in general do not try to limit the freedoms that people consider necessary, just earlier to secure these freedoms by prohibiting anyone else from violating or robbing them. Laws prevent people from harming others, and do some(prenominal) one feels resembling to anyone else by setting punishments for those harms if they are committed. Another project of laws is to resolve disputes, since laws are consistence rules made to be use in al to the highest degree e real situation. Though some of us do not sine qua non laws to guide us in everything we do, some others need very clear rules and boundaries to live by. Not everyone will agree or like every law given, but rational people understand the need and purpose of laws.A nuisance is an act a micturatest the law and punishable by the law. Certain laws that exist would be considered by most of us as silly or unnecessary. Some of those laws are still enforced and whitethorn be even more enfo rced than other laws, because the presidency, often quantify makes a lot of money off of sealed laws. There are usually so many laws from a government that if we were to read the substantial list, we will probably be surprised at the number of laws we arrest on a regular basis without even realizing it. Most putting green examples are speeding, texting or talking date driving, littering, downloading music illegally and others.iIgnorance is one of the causes for people to flush it laws it is however not certain as an excuse. discouragement is another cause, someone who does not bugger off enough food by chance driven to steal food, so people living in scantness may commit crimes as a way to survive. Many break laws out of greed and selfishness, for example committing fraud, theft or murder to gain what belongs to someone else deceitfully and unfairly. Others break laws out of malice, anger, jealousy or just carelessness.In general, the government of nations create and d ecide which laws to pass, as making laws to give order is a part of governing. In the United States, laws are written and made by the Senate and the House of Representatives which make up the Congress.iiIn Australia, laws are made by its parliament even though the earth is a constitutional monarchy and has a queen.iiiIn Saudi Arabia, as one of the a couple of(prenominal) absolute monarchies that still exist today, the creation and decision about laws are up to the king and his chosen ministers.ivAside from laws of independent nations, thither is in like manner planetary law, which are laws guiding individual nations conduct and their relationships with one another, the global reed organization, the United Nations is creditworthy for this. The International Bill of Human Rights, which was commencement drafted as a common standard of achievement for all peoples is widely accepted as the list of rights that should be kept and respected by all assures. Almost all countries tha t exist are members of the United Nations, and are stimulate to respect the basic international human rights laws.vviThe International tourist court of Justice (based in the Peace Palace, The Hague, Netherlands pictured preceding(prenominal)) is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. The ICJ settles legal disputes between states, who must agree to abide by the Courts jurisdiction before their case will be heard.viiiThere are divers(prenominal) legal systems that are in use throughout the countries in the world, with three main ones. The most common legal system is obliging Law, which is the legal system of France and many nations that were conquered by France, including many countries of Latin America. In the UK, and countries that were colonies of the UK, including India, USA, Australia and many others, have legal systems which are based on crude Law. Common law is determined by judges, it can be applied to many different situations and it is more flexible. The C ivil Law system on the other hand, is a collection of laws, they are not decided by judges or open for interpretation. Both systems have advantages and disadvantages. The third most common law system is religious Islamic law, which are enforced in Muslim countries, the Sharia and the Fiqh. This law is believed by Muslims to be at once from God and so cannot be changed by even a government or King.ixxProblems arise with different law systems in different countries. Examples of this are the cases of two British couples who were arrested and served jail sentences for kissing, and showing intimacy in public in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.xiAccording to the legal system of the UAE, what they did was inauspicious and offending behavior.xiiDisputes arise as these couples were foreign citizens, and in countries where Islamic law is not practiced, it would be considered extreme to arrest or imprison people for kissing or displaying affection in public. Some other controversial issues surro unding different legal systems are the one-child policy in chinaxiii, having a national dress code like that in Saudi Arabia, the capital punishment, executions by beheading, amputation of hands for theft, and others.xivTorture, or other cruel punishments like amputation are prohibited by international human rights standards, but the punishments and earnestness of crimes differ in different legal systems. This makes it difficult to judge a law or case fairly and morally. Practices, laws or policies such as masterling what people wear too strictly, harsh punishments such as death or amputation for crimes like stealing, or limiting the number of children a person may have may be viewed in an international perspective as violating human rights. The line between just and partial in the legal systems we have today is not clear so such disagreement hassles will remain.Local/National PerspectivesThe National host of Vietnam is responsible for making and passing laws. The legal system practiced in Vietnam is based on communist legal theory and the French well-behaved law system. As a Socialist state, the countrys government has lots control over the media and organizations within the country. The Vietnamese government was able to outlaw many religious organizations, touching on the freedom of belief and has been criticize. As the country increasingly involved and joins into many international organizations, it has been more sensitive to human rights abuses due to global criticism. Vietnam is comparatively safe with average crime rates. A few of the major crimes include depravity, illegal drug use and digital plagiarisation.xviSince economic liberalization, corruption has risen sharply in Vietnam. In the transparency Internationals corruption perception index for 2008, Vietnams corruption rate ranked 121 out of 160. A cause for high corruption rate in Vietnam would be the very low salaries of public officials. In 2006, the minimum salary for state employees is still only 28 dollars per month after it has been raised by nearly 30 percent. It has gotten so bad that after a corruption scandal in 2008, Japan, Vietnams Brobdingnagiangest donor in development assistance hang its aid to Vietnam, saying that Vietnam must take stronger measures in dealing with corruption. rot is a threat to investment and aid and it is a big riddle on Vietnams road of development. There have been attempts in reducing this problem an example of this is Vietnam has signed the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, which would criminalize the acts of Vietnamese officials remunerative bribes abroad or accepting bribes from foreign companies.xxiiiAccording to Business computer software Alliance, the bouffantst, and one of the most important of IT groups in the software industry that exist, Vietnam had the surpass rate of software piracy in the world. A very large number of all kinds of software, movies and music are pirated, meaning they are illegally d uplicated or distributed. In 1998 the digital piracy rate of Vietnam ranked first at 98%, this means that for every 100 copies of software application, 98 are illegal. In 2004, this number was 95%, and it is estimated that for each legitimately bought package of software, 20 illegal copies are made on average. A cause for this is many countries seldom make, let alone enforce laws to protect intellect property. It is understandable that piracy is thought of as a path to put in the information and technology world with less expense, it actually hurts the countrys own economy. As piracy spreads, software developers are deterred from entering the market. Piracy, and the lack of laws to prevent piracy will not give a decent opportunity for citizens of a country to establish a software industry, preventing the country to become high-tech. In 2010, software piracy rate of Vietnam is 85 per cent. As result of the big efforts of the government and business community to protect copyright, despite still having a very high rate, through the geezerhood the percentage has gotten lower and there is no doubt that there has been progress in reducing piracy.xxvi xxxdo drugs trafficking is present among Vietnams major crimes. It is estimated 200,000 Vietnamese, as adolescent as 15-16 years old use opiate drugs, with 50,000 people using heroin. About 75% of all identified drug users in Vietnam are under 23, according to UNs Drug Control Progamme. Most people with HIV, about two-thirds are drug users, and this virus is spread along with drugs. A cause for this is unemployment in the country much money is gained just for transporting drugs from one city to another. The lack of money also keeps the government from being able to help drug addicts or do very much. To deal with this major crime, the Vietnamese laws against drug trafficking are some of the harshest and most severe in the world. In 2009 a number of crimes have been removed from the list of crimes punishable by de ath, including rape and bribery, but not drug trafficking. The possession or smuggling of a certain measurement of drug in Vietnam could result in the death penalty.xxxiFamily/Personal PerspectivesMost of us would consider ourselves innocent law-abiding citizens, but this is of course ignoring the more often than not small crimes we commit regularly if not daily. If even the smallest act of crime was not over-looked, every one of us would be classified as criminals, including my family, friends and myself. Common offenses include stealing office supplies for personal use, littering, talking small-arm driving among many other things. We all at one transmit or another have excused ourselves by saying certain laws dont apply to us, or since everyone else is doing it, why must I not? This however, doesnt rightfully change the fact that were all rather guilty as law breakers, whether we want to acknowledge it or not. Like with almost every other issue we created in the world, some of their causes are our pride and will to digest or not take seriously the authorities we have above us, whether the authority is good or bad and there is also peoples design to ignore, or twist the truth to ones own preference and advantage.In my topical anaesthetic community there isnt a high crime rate, or at least it is not very obvious and I feel relatively safe. Like most large, densely populated cities across the world, petty crimes are a typical problem. Although violent or armed crimes occur, they are rare, while little crimes like pick-pocketing, traffic violation and speeding occur regularly. In Vietnamese cities, motorcycles are the most commonly seen type of vehicle, and bag, jewelry or other belongings of people being snatched by motorcyclists are quite common. These types of crimes can result in serious injuries as in the exercise of purses or bags being snatched, the straps across the victims bodies could drag the victim along the land by the thiefs motorcycle. There have been incidents involving crime, like mirrors on my family and friends vehicles being stolen often, and risks of frauds but there has not been a case where we are seriously affected.To come up with solutions to criminality, we must look back to its causes. Many break laws out of desperation, greed or lack of knowledge. Law-breaking starts at a young age, and education is a fundamental cure. A person with a erupt education and qualifications has a more hopeful future, and will less credibly be unemployed and driven to criminality to survive. An education with focus on ethics and values should be able to reduce crimes committed out of selfishness and greed. Thus, a key to the criminality problem is giving all people and criminals a fair opportunity to be trained in to responsible citizens.