Capitec Strategy to success Essay

IntroductionHistory shows that the s come out of the closethwestern African banking sector has predominately focus on middle to upper score income groups in the mart, whilst neglecting the needfully and demands of low income groups (Manson, 2012). Capitec commit on the other hand, foc employ on the needs of these low income groups, creating a line of descent model that was specifically tailored to their needs. Capitec was introduced in the banking industry during a time of crisis, Saambou Bank, which focused in micro l destructioning had collapsed (McNulty, 2009). However Capitec has managed to endure this predicament and since its inception, has emerged as a force to be reckoned with, in a relatively short completion of time. The bank has managed to penetrate the South African banking sector with progression in a matter of a few years due to its death penalty of the inventive Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) strategy aimed at targeting the lower end consumers ( van Themaat et al , 2013). It is therefore essential to evaluate the BoP strategy, along with all of its aspects. For this reason, this canvas will examine the explanation of Capitec Bank and in particular draught the successful adaption of the BoP strategy as well as its egress and current position in the banking sector. However, the main objective that will be discussed in detail will be on the aspects of Capitecs strategy crucial for leverage in its position in the South African banking sector.HistoryCapitec Bank was compriseed on the 1st of March 2001 and built backrest on its micro computer address business, keeping in mind its in tent to establish a proper bank in the microfinancing platform (Manson, 2012). Microfinance is a term used to describe the provision of financial processs in addition to microcredit to small businesses and the bottom of the benefit (BoP) commonwealth (van Themaat et al, 2013). Initially, Capitec started as a 300- severalize micro-loan business with the sole product being 30 day loans with a 30% monthly interest. Imperatively, this business of micro-loans supported the strategic aim and completing cost of building out an underlying foundation necessary for a transactional bank (Ashton, 2012). Based on statistics it is found that BoP is more than ii thirds of the cosmos that survive on b ar minimum income (van Themaat et al, 2013). Furthermore Finscope 2003 estimated that 35 percent of the total population in SA lay down never banked or used each financial service to manage their finances. With relation to the above, it is acknowledge that other financial institutions overlook serving the BoP as they are perceived as non-profit adapted (Coetzee, 2003). However on the other hand, Capitec recognised this market as a window of opportunity as the majority of this population remained unbanked due to the numerous constraints that prevented them from obtaining financial function (van Themaat et al, 2013, Robin et al, 2005). The b ank use its profit-driven strategy by customising its operate and products to the needs of the BoP to achieve the followers Accept ability, Availability, Affordability and Awareness, thereby overcoming the constraints that existed. (Coetzee, 2003, van Themaat et al, 2013, Robin et al, 2005) This approach deemed successful which has resulted in an slang up of market share with 51.23 percent compound interest over the kick the bucket five years which is in line with its goal of being a profit-driven microfinancing institution (van Themaat et al, 2013). These aspects used by Capitec Bank to penetrate the banking sector will be discussed in this paper.AcceptabilityAs mentioned previously in the history, Capitec overcame many constraints that had previously left the BoP sector unbanked. The founders of Capitec critically evaluated the BoP and found that many are embarrassed by their lack of education, skills, literacy, are uneffective to afford basic financial function and that t heir perceptions of banking is that it is complicated, expensive, difficult and time consume (van Themaat et al, 2013). Capitec offers a simplistic and accep delay approach to banking which has changed these perceptions taking into consideration that the make out are first time users. Capitec Bank (2014) displays Capitecs product religious offering which is a Global nonpareil grade that incorporates a nest egg, deposits and a credit facility which makes for simpler banking offering exceptional utility and value.Capitecs thorough interaction with clients are face-to-face, paper-less, hard currency-less and add-in-based (Haladjian, 2006). Overcoming the lack of confidence and literacy skills in first time BoP clients was achieved by the paperless IT and management information governance (van Themaat et al, 2013). This also incorporated biometric identification exploitation fingerprint technology and cameras to identify their clients which creates ease of use and quicker re sponse time (van Themaat et al, 2013). Overcoming the language barrier was achieved by employing staff from the local communities. (Robin et al, 2005). Capitecs investing into human resource training has made for efficient interaction with clients strengthening node-to-bank relations and by eliminating a bulletproof glass barricade, clients aim a personal service and are case-hardened importantly, which makes transacting a more approach up to(p) service. (Coetzee, 2003) By treating their customers with respect, this increases the emotional appeal to the BoP population. As compared to service in a deep iv-spot branch, the Bop customer is treated as inferior and unvalued, therefore Capitec defines it focus by customer and not by income (van Themaat et al, 2013).The customer interface systems at automated teller machines stupefy been adjusted to the needs and preferences of the BoP catering for illiterate clients. (Coetzee, 2003) The management IT system is centrally controlle d, increases simplicity and customer value by reducing nerve costs, paper work, prevents fraud and keeps track of transactions using fingerprint biometrics. (Coetzee, 2003, van Themaat et al, 2013) It also creates a safer environment as coin is not unploughed at branches and withdrawals are available at standard atmospheres and selected sell stores considering that many unbanked sectors exist in areas experiencing high crime and this positively contributes to thrust down financial service costs (Coetzee, 2003, Haladjian, 2006). Opening an explanation takes ten minutes. aft(prenominal) credit evaluation and approval, the loan application process is as follows scan ID document and verify using barcode, scan payslip, take a photo of the client, capture other data, open line, print loan agreement, leave alone client to sign, then scan and return the original, create an ATM handbill and give card to the client (Coetzee, 2003).Coetzee 2003 highlights that this previously unbanke d population deemed as  unenviable and unprofitable are being served by Capitec Bank in whopping volumes since its inception. This further proves that the strategy of simplifying its service implemented by Capitec appeals to the Bop population fall by the waysideing Capitec to penetrate the banking sector.AvailabilityCapitec makes their service more available to customers by having yearlong business hours, increasing the number of branches, spareing withdrawals at sell outlets, using ATMs, internet banking and applying for credit online. According to Planting (2006) Capitec Bank has extended their business banking hours. On weekdays branches are open from 8am to 5pm (Manson, 2012). Most of the branches of the big four banks Absa, Nedbank, FNB and measure bank close at about 330pm or 4pm. Capitec considers that more or less(prenominal) customers are workings and can only admission price branches after working hours which is around 4pm. In some cases branches are open til l afterwards where it suits customers and branches are also capable of going to the workplace of customers to offer their services (Coetzee, 2003). On Saturdays branches are open surrounded by 8am to 1pm and on Sundays branches in turgid shopping centres are open between 10am to 2pm (Manson, 2012). Most of the big four banks branches close on Saturday at about 11am and on Sunday most branches are not open. These times considers that customers may not be able to do their banking during the week because of long and tiring working hours. They understand the needs of customers by offering longer business banking hours. Capitec knows that their customers need to reach their branches easy. This is make by reducing the size of branches and increasing the quantity of branches (Manson, 2012).They would rather put up more branches in one area than have one big branch. Many people do not save because they do not have inlet to banking services (Finscope, 2003). Increasing the number of b ranches increases accessibility and nest egg will be encouraged. Using this approach makes their services accessible and cheery for customers. Initially Capitecs main target focus was the BoP. Branches are fixed at taxi ranks, train stations and townships where their services are tardily available to the low income group. They have expanded over the years, reservation their services available to the other income groups by locating branches near rural areas and in shopping malls. Capitec uses existing infrastructure to improve banking service accessibility. They have partnered with retail outlets such as Checkers, Pick n deport, Shoprite and Pep. Customers can withdraw cash at these retail outlets. Most of the retailers allow cash to be move back when purchasing items at the stores except at Pick n Pay no purchase is required to make a withdrawal. They have increase their network location by allowing withdrawals at retailers without having to invest in any large infrastruc ture (Kim & Mauborgne, 2005). This allows easy access to property and dodge for customers. Capitec ATMs are located across SA making them easily accessible.If customers cannot access an ATM to withdraw cash, they can always go to retail outlets making their services more accessible and unique compared to the major banks. The ATMs can be used to check balances, withdraw cash and multi-loan, transfer money to savings plans and change a pin. The availability of services offered by Capitec is improved by partnering with MasterCard. Cards are developed to allow customers usage even in remote places (Lee, 2010). Mobile banking is also used by Capitec customers can use their cell phone to access multi-loan, savings plans and savings storey. It can be used to purchase airtime and electricity, check account balances and previous electricity tokens purchased, withdraw multi-loan and make payments to clients who bank with Capitec, transfer money between your accounts and register for SMS update for security purposes. Capitec offers internet banking that is simple, safe and saves the customer money. coin can be managed whenever it suits the customer. Internet banking allows customers to transfer money between their accounts, create stop orderlinesss, check their statements, tax interest certificate, payment history and register for SMS update system. Customers first need to access their nearest branch to register for mobile or internet banking and to find out how it works. After registration customers can easily access their services when it suits them. They also allow customers to apply for credit online which increases availability of their services. A credit application mustiness be completed online and they will contact the customer to discuss it with them, making credit application easily accessible. The use of EMP technology and cards associate to maestro allows customers use of their cards offline, offering services in areas of limited access such as rura l communities (Haladjian, 2006). Using these strategies Capitec has made their services more available and convenient for customers, thus improving the banking sector. These strategies used have increased their client base and resulted in the growth of bank. Businesstech (2014) reveals that Capitec has overtaken Nedbank and is now the after part largest bank with approximately 10.8 per cent market share. AffordabilityA substantial dowry behind Capitec Banks successful business model was its maturement of a strategy aimed at understanding the needs of its customers which were the bottom of the pyramid population (van Themaat et al, 2013). This prompted the bank to offer affordable banking products and services that were specifically designed in accordance to its customers needs. Capitec centred on having simple banking products and services and sought out to have the lowest fees, hence arguably making it the most affordable bank to bank with amongst many of its competitors in the banking sector (Manson, 2012). In order to understand this strategy, it is imperative to highlight the banking products and services Capitec offered which allowed it to penetrate the banking sector in South Africa as well as making a comparative degree analysis with the products and services of some of the major banks in South Africa.The fundamental factor of Capitecs success is its Capitecs Global wizard account which comprises of three distinct features it allows an individual to have the ability to transact, save and access credit, all with one account (Capitec Bank, 2014). The efficiency of this account ensures that customers do not have to open three separate accounts which cuts down on administrative costs. The monthly administration cost for the Global One account comprehensive of all its aspects as of 01 March 2014 measuring sticks to R5.00 (Capitec Bank, 2014). Furthermore there is free access to card, mobile as well as internet banking and in so doing makes it more appealing to Capitecs target market (Manson, 2012). Comparing Capitecs Global One account with that of its counterparts from the big four banks in the table below, it can be seen that this account is more superior in basis of its features and much more cost efficient than the rival accounts of other banks.BankTransactional aimSavings delineateAccess CreditCapitec- Global One AccountYESYESYESFNB- Easy AccountYESYESNOAbsa- Flexi AccountYESYESNONedbank- Ke Yona AccountYESNONOStandard Bank- PlusPlan AccountYESYESNOThe Global One transaction feature allows you to transfer, deposit or withdraw money as well as to make purchases and payments (Capitec Bank, 2014). The fees that Capitec charges relating to the transaction aspect on this account is by far the cheapest in comparison to the transaction accounts of the big four banks. Fees relating to all card purchases are free whether you purchase at card machines, shop online, order by telephone or through mail. Money transfers to own acc ounts are also free and to other accounts is charged at a fee of R1.05. Balance enquiries through all channels are also free. (Capitec Bank, 2014) The savings component on the Global One account allows an individual to have four different savings plan which has the ability to earn interest ranging from 4.40 to 9% depending on their plans. These plans can also be tractile or fixed according to ones preference. With flexible savings, people can earn from 4.40% interest on their daily balances as well as choose the amount they want to deposit and the frequence of their deposits (Capitec, 2014). Another advantage to these plans is that there is no monthly admin fee that has to be paid to each account as well as no minimum balance required in order to start saving.Fixed-term savings gives one the ability to choose from two deposit elections. The first is a single deposit which can run from a period of 6 to 60 months with a minimum balance of R10 000 and a maximum investment of R5 million (Capitec Bank, 2014). The second option is multiple deposits which can run from a period of 6 to 24 months with a maximum investment amount of R1 million. The interest rate is fixed for the full term and interest gained from this option can either be reinvested or transferred to back to ones transaction or savings account (Capitec Bank, 2014). Having a look at the competing accounts of the other major banks which can be seen in the table below, most offer interest rates that are less than 1%. Capitec on the other hand offers highly competitive interest rates which make it more lucrative for people to bank with them as they are able to earn more on their savings.BankCapitec- Global One AccountFNB- Easy AccountAbsa- Flexi AccountNedbank- Ke Yona AccountStandard Bank- PlusPlan Account stakes Rates4.40 to 9%0%

Fighting, Ruben Wolfe

fleck Ruben Wolfe by Markus Zusak Fighting Ruben Wolfe is just a novel active juvenile boys conflict. Discuss. Fighting Ruben Wolfe by Markus Zusak is not just about teenage boys fighting. It is as well as about ii teenagers growing up with their family facing monetary issues and about family relationships. Family in Fighting Ruben Wolfe is shown by the family being brought closer to yieldher, just they struggle because the father is currently unemployed and the mother is working two jobs, so it feels like the p bents arnt for their children as much as they were origin anyy Mr Wolfes accident.Mr and Mrs Wolfe are stressed because they cant pay all the bills and as a result they cant look by and by their children as well as they used to. At the beginning of the book, Sarah comes spot drunk and Cameron and Ruben are at the dog track a lot. at one time the boys started fighting, Mr and Mrs Wolfe applyt notice the bruises on the boys. These problems for the Wolfe family cl early show that Fighting Ruben Wolfe is just as much about family as fighting. It withal shows that the family are facing financial issues. Financial issues in Fighting Ruben Wolfe by Markus Zusak are shown by family having genuinely little gold.They bewilder hardly any money because Mr Wolfe is unemployed. In Chapter 6 of Fighting Ruben Wolfe, the first paragraph proves that they have very little money The phone has been cut of because we dont have the money to pay the bill. Or really Mum and Dad dont have the money to pay it. Steve or Sarah could pay and in that respects no way. Its not allowed. Its not even considered. The main two characters, Cameron and Ruben have started to fight illegally so they could earn money to help pay for their bit. So there is fighting in the novel, but it is not just about fighting.These examples demonstrate that there are also financial issues in the novel. Fighting Ruben Wolfe by Markus Zusak is not just a novel about teenage boys fighting, its also about two teenagers growing up, showing there struggles in life, and also shows what two normal teenagers will do for their family. But the brothers soon find out that there not just fighting for money, but also for identity, for dignity, and for all(prenominal) other. When Mr. Wolfe finally accepts that their broke, he goes down to Centrelink to get the doll. But as proud as Cameron and Ruben are, they go and try to release him.Finally the parents find out that they fight. They dont act kindly to this at the start, but then they realize how important this is to them and then they let them still compete. They keep on fighting and end up fighting each other in the end, but because both brothers are very serial about their fighting, the fight series and Ruben defeats Cameron, But Cameron is very proud and didnt give up till the very wnd. This book has taught me to be pleasant for what I have and to always respect my family, this book was very enkindle and I thoroughly e njoyed it. By Liam Truscott 9a

Love as Joyous Essay

Both Plath and the Metaphysical Poets show delight in as rapturous by suggesting a strong physical casualness between themselves and their knowrs. Donne, cognize for his hedonistic ways tried to seduce his lady in the song To his mistress departure to bed by relating her undressing to a holy analogy. holy temple heaven paradise Angels gives a sense of purity active the affinity and emphasises the innocence in that the make sexual love they are about to divide is lightly between them.Along with this, in order to fortify the intimacy felt during love making Donne uses polysemic terms such as My exploit of precious st unrivalleds which not only displays mine as a outset person possessive pronoun- perhaps showing pride in the obstinance he has over his mistress- but also the mine that is her genitals- the refreshed grime he is yet to discover.Similarly Plath uses polysemantic terms as a way of showing the exclusivity in her relationships in the poem Ariel , specific al oney referring to the observable sapphic affair she had soon after her and Ted Hughes split The childs cry melts in the wall not only suggests that when with her alleged lesbian partner shes free for the burden of motherhood and can nevertheless focus on their passion but also that when be in a homosexual relationship the possibilities of conceiving a child are none an therefore there is no-one else to detract from the bond and overwhelming desire that the 2 have for each other.Plath also represents this intimacy by using metaphoric imagery such as White Godiva which indicates the female naked liberty while also subtly protesting against her husband by portraying this great female symbol. Plath also uses imagery to intensify the passion she feels in love making with another womanhood The br testify arc of the neck and into the cerise eye suggest the vagina and feminists would argue that Plath portrays the orgasm as Foam to the wheat glitter of seas which exaggerates the intimacy experienced when the 2 are at their intimately vulnerable naked states.Along with this both Plath and the Metaphysicals display the joyous love by the overwhelming of emotions that it creates. In Donnes poem To his Mistress liberation To Bed the whole poem is written in one stanza with its limit being ridden with enjambment we easily know By this these Angels from an evil poove. This shows the feelings Donne has as not being able to express them fast large as, as hes seducing her, so many emotions are being created at the foremost frustration and lust.At the time, Donne was known for being exuberant and this excitement and unable to contain his feeling emphasises how much he risked in order to sleep with the woman. The use of plosives such as Behind before, above, between, on a lower floor represent the transactional and heightening strength of the emotion whilst the caesura in the line suggests Donne need to pause after the lyric poem to try and calm himself down from all the overwhelming urges and desires he has for his mistress.As Donne was a child genius and was functional in law by the time he was 17 he was popular with the ladies, and so when a woman such as the one hes addressing in the poem doesnt succumb to his sonsy ways so easily, his emotions flair and overwhelm him into an almost plea for her to bedevil love with him. Plath also uses linguistic features in portraying the overbearing love and excitement she has for her beginning(a) child to be born. Youre is a poem written during her pregnancy of her first child Frieda. She uses the phrase Vague as fog and looked for like mail to represent the anticipation and urgency she has to fall upon her radical child.However, this is a homophone and mail could also mean male as in the absence of her husband Ted Hughes who was rarely around. At the time she was having relationship issues with Ted and building a mod ever furthermosting love bond with her new child and so the confl ict in positive and negative emotions at the time would have certainly been overwhelming. The fog in this phrase represents the suspicion and space between the mother and the gestating baby which may also be ironic of the disbelief she has that she can love a person so much without having met them yet.Finally both the metaphysical poets and Plath display love as joyous by seeing it as an opportunity for a new start. Donne sees this new start being one as starting from the pure naked state in the relationship to enter in these bonds is to be free is an oxymoron as the bond of wedding incarcerates two people in a relationship eternally. However Donne is expressing that by having this new start of marriage they will have a sense of freedom and self termination making love even more joyous.Whether Donne actually meant to marry the woman is questionable, after his strong womanising reputation however if he is then the new start he would have in actually committing himself in a marri age shows the strength of the love he feels. Plath, in Ariel sees the birth of her first child as a new start for herself. The metaphor of the last 2 lines Right, like a well-done sum. A clean slate, with your own face on shows the positivity she already sees in this new being well-done sum and clean slate.At the time she was going through hardships in her marriage with Ted Hughes and so the new child could be a source for a new start of optimistic love and a positive source to project happiness onto. The compound words in Thumbs-down on the dodos mode. Represents the new life and indeed new beginning Plath will receive from the new baby whilst the assonance of the o sound fortifies this by showing certainty and stability she sees in that this undoubtedly will give her the release and new start that shes needed for so long

British Imperialism in South East Asia

For along period, up to the late 20th century, many of the European nations had enormous affaire in many of the Asian and African countries. This made them to colonise these countries so as to get whatever they wanted. Al close to all of the African and Asian countries became colonies of the western countries. The more(prenominal) a country was perceived to watch got many resources, the higher the scramble for that country was. Britain is one of the countries that had majority colonies in both the African and the Asian continent. India happened to be just one of these colonies.The colonists espouse along with their way of doing things thus impacting on the natives way of handling the com parityble issues. In essence, most of the colonies wanted to see that they changed their colonies to be exact in the appearance that will be beneficial to them. In India, the Britishs interest was experienced during the decline time of Mughal Empire (http//www. indianchild. com/history_of_indi a. htm para 8). It all started as mere commercial activities between the two nations. There was a withdrawal in the rule of the Mughal Empire which resulted to the rising of dispute among the princess.This was a majuscule advantage to the British as they did step in to settle the dispute. In the process, the British Empire started gaining much influence (Martin, pp 213). During the first global fight that was fought in Europe and North America for seven years, it saw the British and the French come into a big fight in which the British won. Many of the Indians were recruited in the well paying British army. In the end, it emerged that India became the tombstone source for Britains raw material and a market for immaculate goods (Siegel & Kennedy pp 98). British Colonialism in IndiaWhen the British entered the Indian colony, they formed a society that was stratified having the Britons occupying the highest position in the society. In the Indian schools, it emerged that the s peech communication of communication was straightaway English. Many scholars of the British rule in India have noted that despite the heavy presence of the Britons in India, their presence was insignificant. The British used the tactic of divide and rule very well, and more significantly the psychological indoctrination of the Indians who had undergone through the education system of the British.These were the people who became the model British subject. the British used the English-educated Indians to absorb values about what they wanted , and this compete a significant role in helping the Britons loot most of what they wanted from India, in terms of physical wealth and labor (http//india_resource. tripod. com/britishedu. htm para 1). According to the Britons plan, they wanted to have a person who was Indian in blood and color, but with an English taste, language and intellect. It meant therefore that the Britons had to decide on what the Indians were going to learn in schools an d the mode of learning.For the British to succeed in its mission, they did set the learned Indians against their fellows by proclaiming that they were following a very inquisitive tradition, and it was only the Britishs tradition that was good. These intellects were used to stress the prohibit impact of the Indians tradition. The Indians were made to believe that they were conservative people who lacked national excogitation or history. On the separate hand, the British were considered as modern and scientific oriented. With their unique governing bodyal skills and energetic zeal, they would raise India from the morass of casteism and religious bigotry.These and other(a) such ideas were repeatedly filled in the minds of the young Indians who received learning in the British schools,(http//india_resource. tripod. com/britishedu. htm para 4). There was need to palliate station and communication between the colony and the colonials. Hence the colonials constructed the railway line to facilitate transportation of the troops, raw materials and finished goods. There was as well telecommunicate lines to ease communication. However, the Britons did not take any step to see that the Indians learnt the reinvigorated technology (Webster pp 186).The Indian soldiers rebelled against the British in 1857 ca exploitation the British to melt off its rule against India (Martin, pp 213). the rebellion of the soldiers occurred when the British empire introduced new cartridges that required the soldiers to rub them apart using their teeth. The cartridges were lubricated using animal fat, and this offended specially the Muslims whom their religion did not allow them to use pork or its products, composition the Hindus were against the use of cattle fat for greasing.The rebellion was put down in 1858, but already several of the Britons had been killed males, females and children. There were establishment of schools and universities by the Americans and the Britons in I ndia that provided an education system that advocated for a strong nationalist sentiment. In 1885, they founded the Indian National Congress, which promoted a greater role for Indians in their countrys government. The new organization also sought harmony among Indians of diverse religion and social groups, (Martin pp 213).There be many other influences in the Indian cultures that can be this instant linked to the British rule in India. For instance, the Indians were not known for using surnames. However, with the coming and the ruling of the Britons, the Indians adopted the use of surnames. As Kolhatkar argues, Surnames were not in use in India in ancient times and almost bowl the end of the first millennium CE. Thousands of names ar known from Sanskrit/Prakrit texts, rock-cut inscriptions, strapper plates, coins etc. They are almost always single names, (para 3).However, it is now an occasion that in India, you come across the name of the child on base that of the parent. The use of the surname became as a mark of respect for the parent. It is because of the British rule that the use of the surname became advent. It could be argued that these was because of the fact that the Britons wanted to choose the work of administration much easier by having a system that was more clarity in identifying individuals and the facility of documentation and reading created by the outturn use of the printing press.Thus came into being the current method of the individuals name, fathers name and the surname,(Kolhatkar para 6). Therefore, looking at the influence Britain had in India, it can be conclude that it is true to note that these influences spilled all over the world especially the other Britains colonies. The use of surname, the British system of education, trade and language are all over the world. Reference Kolhatkar, A. Indian surnames and the British influence, 29 Jul 2004, Retrieved on 13th may 2008 from http//archiver. rootsweb. ancestry. com/th/read/IN DIA/2004-07/1091137759Martin, P. Five Steps To A 5, ISBN 0071437142 McGraw-Hill Professional, 2004 biography of India, 2004, Retrieved on 13th May 2008 http//www. indianchild. com/history_of_india. htm Siegel J & Kennedy P. endgame Britain, Russia and the Final Struggle for Central Asia, ISBN 1850433712 I. B. Tauris, 2002 SOUTH ASIAN HISTORY History of British Rule and Colonization in India, 2001 Retrieved on 13th May 2008 from http//india_resource. tripod. com/britishedu. htm Webster A. Gentlemen Capitalists British Imperialism in South East Asia, 1770-1890, ISBN 1860641717 I. B. Tauris, 1998

Drink Raw Milk

Drink bare-ass Milk Having spent the majority of my deportment on a dairy farm, I have had the privilege of enjoying fresh, clean, yummy unsanded d gross. at that place is secret code like it I would be willing to wager that rattling few have ever experienced the use of goods and services of sipping a tall, ice-cold, creamy straight from the farm glass of d fresh. There is nonhing in the world that compargons with the overall thwack, the nutritional content, and the health benefits found in bare-assed draw. Raw milk should be an option for everyone to consume. There are warnings and new research advising consumers to avoid altogether(a) milk and raw milk products.Indeed, I was surprised to read Nelson (2010) that, Raw milk stands alone as the only solid food that has ever been poplawed, and its advocates point out that it took a complete amendment to ban alcohol, (p. 3). Nonetheless, the movement seems to be gaining in usuality. The Oake Knoll Ayrshire farm in Fox borough, Massachusetts possess by the Lawton family is a perfect example of the pulse that the raw milk movement has gained. Lawton figures that she has 200 weekly customers, versus just a handful two years ago, (Gumpert, 2008).With the organic fresh products movement and the increase accessibility to farmers markets, consumers have become more assured of these alternatives. According to the president of the Weston A. Price Foundation, a foundation that stands strongly place the raw milk movement, an estimated half a million Ameri domiciliates or more are consuming raw milk. There are more issues touch the raw milk versus pasteurized milk debate, but at this prison term I want to instruction on the issue of choice. The taste of raw milk is the first thing I think of every cartridge holder I drink pasteurized milk. There are drastic differences in taste, sweetness, and texture.Raw milk is mild, creamy, and steady sweeter than pasteurized milk. Fresh milk has a delicate fl avour contributed by compounds of low molecular weight in trace amounts. H eliminate treatment affects the flavour of milk and produces detectable off-flavours, (Aboshama, 1977). umteen raw milk consumers testify that one of the main reasons they drink raw milk is for the flavor and creamy texture. In a New York multiplication article, some(prenominal) raw milk drinkers sentiments are voiced about the taste of raw milk richness and density, complexity of flavor, and we trust the traditional food chain flavor more, (Drape, 2007).The best tasting milk is going to come from oxen that are cut back-fed. There is a direct descent between what the tool eats and the taste and nutritional value of the milk. Products from pasture-raised animals are healthier tastier for you to eat than those from grain-fed animals for more reasons. Animals get more readily visible(prenominal) nutrients from fresh pasture plants than from grains, so their products contain more vitamin E, beta carotene, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and omega-3 fatty acids, (Schivera, 2003). This pasture-fed cows milk is the high quality raw milk that so many people are seeking out and defending.This high banner of milk resembles that of which some Americans once lived on, when either everyone owned a cow or knew someone who did. Research done by Levieux (1980) explains that two types of protein exist in milk they are casein and whey. opposed casein, whey protein is deconstructed during pasteurization (p. 93). These proteins play an important role in the assiduity of vitamins and minerals. Colman, Hettiararchychy, and Herbert (1981) reported that many vitamins and minerals are attracted to these proteins and potentially bind to them.This bond can facilitate their absorption by the digestive system. Pasteurization destroys the ability of plastered proteins in milk to bind the important vitamin folate and hence servicing its absorption (p. 1426). The components of raw milk that are thought to be nearly affected by the pasteurization sour are the water soluble vitamins and the proteins. According to research completed by Rolls (1973), there is approximately a 10% dismission of vitamins BI, B6, B12 and folate and a 25% damage of vitamin C (p. 10). Ultimately, raw milk provides the consumer with more in stock(predicate) vitamins and minerals than pasteurized milk.The follow up oning graph compares the nutritional set of raw milk and pasteurized milk and intelligibly shows raw milk offers far more benefits than pasteurized milk. NUTRITIVE cherish OF RAW MILK Vs. PASTEURIZED MILK (Chart) Category ComparedRaw MilkPasteurized Milk 1) Enzymesall(a) available. Less than 10% remaining. 2) Protein100% available, all 22 amino acids, including 8 that are essential. Protein-lysine and tyrosine are altered by heat with serious loss of metabolic availability. This results in making the whole protein complex less available for tissue repair and rebuilding. ) Fats (research stud ies indicate that fats are necessary to metabolize protein and calcium. completely natural protein-bearing foods contain fats. )All 18 fatty acids metabolically available, both saturated and unsaturated fats. Altered by heat, especially the 10 essential unsaturated fats. 4) VitaminsAll 100% available. Among the fat-soluble vitamins, some are classed as unstable and then a loss is caused by heating above blood temperature. This loss of Vitamin A, D, E and F can prolong as high as 66%. Vitamin C loss usually exceeds 50%. Losses on water-soluble vitamins are affected by heat and can run from 38% to 80%. ) CarbohydratesEasily utilized in metabolism. Still associated by nature with elements. Tests indicate that heat has made some changes making elements less available metabolically. 6) MineralsAll 100% metabolically available. Major mineral components are calcium, chlorine, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, atomic number 11 and sulphur. Vital trace minerals, all 24 or more, 100% ava ilable. atomic number 20 is altered by heat and loss in metabolism may run 50% or more, depending on pasteurization temperature. Losses in other essential minerals, because one mineral usually acts synergistically with another element.There is a loss of enzymes that serve as leaders in assimilation minerals. NOTEBacterial growth in Raw Milk increases very slowly, because of the friendly acid-forming bacterium (natures antiseptic) retards the growth of invading organisms (bacteria). Usually keeps for several weeks when under refrigeration and will sour instead of rot. Pasteurization refers to the work on of heating every particle of milk to at least one hundred forty-five F. and holding at such temperature for at least 15 seconds. Pasteurizing does not remove dirt, or bacterially-produced toxins from milk. Bacterial growth will be geometrically rapid after pasteurization and homogenization.Gradually turns rancid in a few days, and then decomposes. Note. The above chart on nutrit ive values was cited from idea In Favor Of Raw Milk Expert Report and Recommendations, by A. Vonderplanitz and W. C. Douglass, 2001, Retrieved from http//docs. google. com Raw milk offers many health benefits which include physical, digestive, and even cognitive health. Perkin (2007) reference cites one of his earlier studies Perkin (2006) that, Found protective make of unpasteurized drug addiction on current eczema and seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms, (p. 627).This research has been supported by others such as Waser (2007) who questioned why most farming children seem not to suffer from these ailments. There are many examples of research that show raw milks health advantages. Nelson (2010) identifies published studies that find evidence for the following health benefits Childhood consumption of raw milk resulted in significant reductions in the development of asthma, eczema, and hay febricity (in Nelson 2010, p. 6). Consumption of farm milk showed a significant inverse re lationship to asthma and allergies in a study of nearly 15,000 European children (in Nelson 2010, p. ). Although the follow studies are dated and have been continually dismissed by popular science, this research shows a correlation between early childhood consumption of raw milk and the absence of certain childhood ailments. Children who drank raw milk were less likely to develop cavities and higher resistance to tuberculosis (in Nelson 2010, p. 6). Raw milk prevented scurvy and protected against flu, diphtheria and pneumonia (in Nelson 2010, p. 6). I find it ironic that we before long immunize children (and some adults) for several of the above diseases.It makes me wonder whether the consumption of raw milk (or the lack of) has played a significant role in the necessity for these immunizations. Milk in its cleanest, rawest form offers the most health benefits to the consumer. The controversy surrounding the legality of raw milk continues to rage on, although the focus should be to eliminate the production of dirty milk. I recall from my time on my parents dairy farm that as long as the bacteria count remains below 100,000 per ml, organisms if present, cannot represent significant health hazard.Nelson (2010) confirms that not only does state regulators require a bacterial count of 100,000 per ml for milk slated to be pasteurized, they require the bacteria count of Grade A Raw milk to remain under 30,000 per ml (p. 5). The solution to the raw milk debate is in the creation of a universal standard for all milk, not in the banning of unpasteurized milk. The pasteurization process continues to be of great value for mass produced milk, where animals are kept in confined spaces and reated with antibiotics and hormones, but there is no reason to deny the consumer the habit of high quality unpasteurized milk. The purpose of this essay is to provide you, the reader, an write up of the benefits of raw milk. Even though these benefits exist, many people have neer tri ed raw milk because it continues to be extralegal in many states. Drape (2007) reports that while human consumption of raw milk is illegal in fifteen states, there are 26 states that raw milk can be bought in with certain restrictions.In my opinion, this is possibly info that many of you have been denied because many health officials (pressured by politics and sizeable corporations) fear that unpasteurized milk is unsafe. The evidence I have presented, illustrates that untreated milk tastes better, has a higher nutritional value, and offers health benefits above and beyond pasteurized milk. At the very least it has a better flavor, with no(prenominal) of the damage caused by the pasteurization process. I challenge everyone to find a local dairy farmer who produces clean, raw milk and enjoy a glass.

Review of Related Studies Essay

A lot has been create verbally about what supply caution is, and how it relates not only to similar terms and to concept like buy, procuring, and sourcing, but in like manner to concepts like care, logistics, and supply train management. Most authors differentiate purchasing, procural, sourcing, and supply management as follows they start by stating that purchasing allow ins operational activities that are carried out more or less(prenominal) exclusively by one department, namely the purchasing department. The sequence of activities here(predicate) usually starts with the need identification and ends with the tracking of purchasing activities. procurement is and then defined as being broader in circumstance and including some activities of strategic relevance. According to Dobler/Burt (1996), procural includes not only purchasing but as well tasks that are strategic in nature. The same logic is then employ to supply management as figure 1 shows. See on page 38 for the fi gure. Monczka/Trent/Handfield(1998) use the terms purchasing and procurement like throughout their book. In their view, purchasing and procurement are functional activities that close to often refer to day-to-day management of material flows and information.They also define sourcing a cross functional process that involves member of the fuddled other than those who work in the purchasing department, the sourcing management team may include members from engineering, quality, design, manufacturing, marketing, accounting, strategic proviso, and other department Kaufmann (1995) describe sourcing an integrative management approach to designing all supplier relations in the mavin of a total relationship management Arnold (1997) uses the term supply management as an umbrella term for the concept of procurement, materials management, and logistics.According to him, the latter includes incoming logistics, and internal logistics, as well as outbound logistics. Tempelmeier (1995) define s purchasing as contract-centered (as opposed to logistical activities implying the physical movement of goods). He defines procurement as all activities aiming at supplying the company with needed inputs. Corsten (1995) the process of purchasing denotes the act of acquiring the property right of the procurement goods.He defines procurement in a similar way as Tempelmeier. Sourcing is the process of planning and handling outside sources. He defines supply management as procurement with a strategic focus that acts proactively and contributes significantly to company performance. Koppelmann (1995) uses the term Procurement Marketing for nearly exactly the same set of activities as Dobler/Burt do for supply management. There is also some discussion about the types of purchases that gloam under each of the definitions.International authors like Dobler/Burt (1996), Monczka/Trent/Handfield (1998), and van Weele (1995) restrict the scope of purchasing, procurement, sourcing or supply manag ement to materials, services, and capital equipment. They do not include the supply of the company with financial resources or personnel. German authors like Arnold (1997), Fieten (1986), Pieper/Pfohl (1993), Tempelmeier (1995) beseech differently They say that from a theoretical standpoint all inputs incur to be considered. Some of them like Arnold and Pieper/Pfohl however, pragmatically restrict the scope of purchasing, procurement, or supply management to materials.

Annotated King Lear Essay

In this article Nevilles key ideas are boil d acceptsed on the aspect of sustaining. He makes connections between the breeding patterns of Lear, Gloucester and Cornwall. He starts with describing Regans conclude for Edgars recent behavior. She states that his behavior is at the fault of ability Lears 100 knights. Was he non companion with the riotous knights that tend upon my father?(2.1.94-95), which quickly becomes clear to everyone else that she does film a point, yet she is in truth expert trying to rid Lear of his knights by placing the blame on them.Newman accordingly shifts the focus to Cornwall who then realizes Edmunds loyalty to his father and al close immediately seizes him into their family, show Cornwalls foolishness by further according Edmunds layer without checking the verity of it. Newman suggests that it is, perhaps his take in lack of a countersign that blinds him to Edmunds duplicity and leads him to, in effect, acclaim Edmund as his stepson. (New man, 191). Newman then brings up the caustic remark in Cornwall adopting Edmund into his family. Edmund wanted to change the authority company ingests bastards, that is why he came up with the plan to frame Edgar in the first place, and by having been accept into a family by a member of this exact society, Edmund has achieved his goal.He then starts to make connections between the characters. Newman brings up the fact that Cornwalls relationship with Edmund causes us to contrast his giveingness to assume the told of father with the overall ineptitude of Lear and Gloucester as father figures.(Newman, 192). He then brings up anformer(a) connection between Lears concerns to recognize his daughters castigates to his solid ground and Gloucesters non-concern with his illegitimate son Edmund. He points out that Edmund was away for nine years therefor not being in contact with Gloucester nor Edgar for such a long fulfilment of time and yet Gloucester fully believes his story near Edgar.Newman says that this little association of his family makes him a bad father and this paternal failure parallels Lears (Newman, 193). His finis paragraph states that the fact that both(prenominal) Cornwalls and Gloucesters rasetual willingness to accept Edmund supports their parental ineptitude, which is a feature both men share with Lear. Adams, Robert P. poove Lears Revenges. Modern Language Quarterly 21.3 (1960) 223. Literary Reference Center. Web. 14 Mar. 2013.Robert P. Adams magnate Lears Revenges.In Adams article he discusses King Lears revenges, focusing mostly on Lears revenge speech right before he heads out into a storm I will have such revenges on you bothThat all the world shallI will do such thingsWhat they are yet I crawl in not, but they shall beThe terrors of the earth. (II.iv.281-84)He includes polar personal views of King Lear from legion(predicate) different editors and authors ranging in centuries from 1880 to 1950s giving the reader a enthrallin g variety of different outlooks on Lear. He includes good and bad varieties as well, so it is not bias, such as the Lear so confident in the incisivelyice of his cause that he need hardly formulate his excuse (Adams, 223) view given from Chambers, a Lear at the plays first base moved by wound self-esteem to anger which demands revenge(Adams, 223) debate giving by Campbell and Knights very different view of Lear, a to a colossaler extent ridiculous Lear to which he wondered What could be more painfully incongruous, spokenby an old man, a King, to his daughter? It is not far from the ridiculous. (Adams 223).Many other editors/authors that Adams refers to can relate to Knights view of Lear such as Leech, Hielman and Danby. Adams also includes Gonerils view of her father as Old fools are babes a go on(I,iii.19). Adams states that The view of Lear as impotent, absurd, even comic is most readily arrived at by those to tend (as do perhaps a majority of contemporary critics) to accept some version of Gonerils Lear (Adams, 224). Adams concludes that he does not agree with Knights instruction that Lears revenges provide us with a purgatory(Adams 227) and sees Lear as a great and heroic figure (Adams,227). He also says that though Lears agony he is enabled in the end once again to accept and recidivate the love he had earlier (Adams, 227). Adams concludes that Lears revenges are to suffer and gain insight, most of all into the nature of love as opposed to self-love.(Adams 227). reproachThese cardinal articles helped me understand and interpret many things about the play. In Newmans article he made connections between the parenting patterns of three characters Cornwall, King Lear and Gloucester. I related to the connection Newman made between Lears concern with his daughters rights to the kingdom and how Gloucester spent his life denying and being embarrassed of his illegitimate son Edmund. Yet, the most enjoyable point in the article to me was when Newman poin ted out the badinage in the fact that both Cornwall and Gloucester finally accept Edmund. Cornwall didnt accept him because he was a bastard and was frowned upon by society and Gloucester was embarrassed of his son.This showed me that this was not just a nice gesture by either man, which I had previously melodic theme, yet really it was just an example of their gullibility and their lack of parenting skills. It showed me how both men were actually very stupid in making this stopping point because neither of them checked in his accusations about Edgar so see if they were even true. Newman also brings Lear into this, saying that the actions of Cornwall and Gloucester are parallel to those of Lear in the topic of fathering. These connections really made me see how each man failed in their own way to be good parents, and also how their parenting techniques were similar as well. Newman also wrote about the satisfaction then, in seeing Cornwall, a representative of that section of soc iety that has been concerned to exclude Edmund, willingly adsorb him and simultaneous hasten his own destruction. (Newman, 192).This was one of my favourite lines in the article because I appreciate irony in literature, and I never fully saw the fact that Cornwall was a member of the same society that wanted bastards, standardized Edmund,to be gone. Yet he adopted him as a step son in sole(prenominal) a few minutes. In Adams article I very a lot enjoyed all the different views of King Lear and his revenges he added views of different people, and it was not just a long article about just his view of King Lear. This gave me many different insights of King Lear as a character. I affiliate with Campbells reasoning for King Lears revenge, that it was his injured self-esteem that caused him to sample revenge.I already had an idea like this because of how self-obsessed Lear is, yet I thought it was just out of pure anger for the way his daughters were acting, not because of an injured ego. I also never considered Danbys reasoning/view of King Lear. He says that Lear returns to the first-scene mood where he took himself to be God the rewarder of merits. Now he will be God the avenger of iniquities. (Adams, 224). I genuinely like this reasoning and relish the way he said it because it almost makes you determine the same way Lear is feeling when he vows to take revenge on his daughters. It is a very powerful and reasonable retaliation against his daughters that makes me think of him as a God in a way I have given, and I will shall take away In conclusion these two articles have helped me see three main characters in many different aspects and have helped me define and develop each character in my own personal way.

Historical Context of Images for Your Virtual Art Gallery Tour Essay

catnap was painted with vegetable oil in 5178 cm. canvas in 1937 by Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dali i Domenech, or simply known as Salvador Dali, a famous Spanish surrealist painter and sculptor. He painted Sleep for his British millionaire patron, Edward James. Dali almost incorporated sleep into almost all his works because he was fascinated with the world of dreams. He interpreted the act of sleeping as monster supported by crutches. Cosmic Egg (2007) It was the image employ in the painting titled Sunrise by the Ocean make by Vladimir Kush, a Russian-born surrealist painter and sculptor.The egg portrayed the sun and the stolon of life. As the egg broke open, the earth and the sky formed from its dickens halves. The yolk was the sun which was starting to take its form. Giclee was used in 2124 inches canvas. The Persistence of Memory (1931). It was an oil on 24 x 33 cm canvas painting by Salvador Dali. The three melt pocket watches laid in hard surface illustrated confus ion amidst softness and hardness, typifying Dalis personality. Critics interpreted the painting as Dalis self-portrait because Dali express that the painting was his hand-painted photograph of his dreams.The Division Bell (Cover). The two metal heads represent in the cover of the 1994 album of Pink Floyd was the handiwork of sculptor lav Robertson. These huge figures, each weighing at 1,500 kilograms and over 3 meters in height, were put in a Cambridge field. Ubu Imperator (1923). This oil on 8165 cm canvas was painted by Marx Ernst. The image, a bizarre combination of the tip of a spinning top, the red huge body and homophile hands, symbolized authority in a ridiculous manner.Invasion of the Night (1941) This oil on 3860 ? in. canvas painting by Roberto Matta utilise diffuse lights, floating rocks and bold lines in featureless and vast priming indicated Mattas fascination with the inner state of human consciousness. References Clocking In With Salvador Dali Salvador Dalis Melting Watches.Retrieved March 17,2009 from http//www. vladimirkush. com/popup. php? id=159&category=Editions/Available+ confine+Edition+Prints Surrealist Art. Retrievede March 17, 2009 from http//www. centrepompidou. fr/education/ressources/ENS-surrealistart-EN/ENS-surrealistart-EN. html Tariff, Alfredo (April 11,2002) Matta Vision. The underrated Chilean gets a new image at MAM. Miami New Times Arts. Retrieved March 17, 2009 from http//www. miaminewtimes. com/2002-04-11/ subtlety/matta-vision/

Reaction Papers Essay

INDIGENOUS PEOPLEREACTION publisherWOW After the symposium, I realized how lucky I am to be in a concrete house, not worrying if the reinforced wind will take it with all its might to live in a more comfortable house with comfortable clothes on. autochthonous peoples always stressing the hell out of them searching for diet everyday, they cant even apply for a stable romp here in the city or at least external from secluded areas where they live.On the former(a) hand, I salute them for theyre always active every now and then to supply their needs everyday. The novices always into the needs and protecting his family whilst the mother is the one whos responsible for taking good care of their kids. Unlike people live in urban areas, well Im talking generally, twain of the parents is always ca-caing not giving comely attention on their offspring.Indigenous peoples family is the ideal family everyone would want. Even if they dont have gadgets with them all day long, still theyre giving enough attention and sharing conversations with each other. Theyre living their lives simple entirely contented, and thats what makes them happy. =))Jia Yray Fajardo BSA-IDRUGSREACTION PAPERUsing Drugs is not healthy for anyone of us. Im not speaking of the physical damage that it may cause, but the psychological causes that may occur, like Mental illness such as depression, Inability to connect with others, lack of friends, Poor performance at work or school, and poor stress coping skills. A person who is utilize Drugs may act abnormal, they may hurt people. A drug sneak may have times that they feel guilty and remorseful and steady down to get ease. In these times, the drug addict will normally bear using.The reason why most people are using drugs is because of Enjoyment, curiosity, and other people that are suffering from anxiety, but there are some people are just using drugs because of entertainers using drugs and being rationalise that they can do it too. While some people are using drugs to cover up painful memories in their past, some thinks that drugs may help them fit in. Drug addiction is a condition that upsets the physical and cordial well being of a person. It is neither an untreatable condition nor a cancerous phenomenon. The addicts are aware of what is in store for them. Yet, they resume with the activities and build up a strong resistance to these agents in no time.

First World War Poems Essay

In this es word formulate I am comparing and discussing tether metrical compositions from the Great War, each by a different author. These meters ar In Memoriam by F. A. mackintosh, final stage Bed by Siegfried Sassoon and Dulce et Decorum est by Wilfred Owen. setoff I sh altogether discuss In Memoriam by F. A. Mackintosh. The title starts by presen twork forcet you that the memory of some mavin who has died is probably involved as the word memoriam is usually used in epitaphs. This can be joined to a story which is a monument in memoriam of a lot of people which shows that this not about one person.The archetypal stanza starts by reflexion So you were Davids father,, and from this you know this is someone who is talking to the father of someone he knew. as well the use of the word were in the by tense bases that David is no longer his son and, at a guess, Id say David was dead.The side by side(p) form says And he was your altogether son, notice the use of the past tense once more in the form of the word of, as this says that he no longer has a son. Also it says his single son, which implies a tighter bond between the father and son than there would be in a family with two or sons in it and/or daughters, which means that the regret may be amplified.The next threesome lines sayAnd the new-cut peats be rotting,And the tap is left undone,Because of an old bit weeping,These lines show that the grief did affect him deep as he is not earning a living or so far keeping warm by keeping the fire going. He is to spry weeping to do anything apart from grieve. This is shown to be the fact by the next three linesJust an old military personnel in pain,For David, his son David,That exit not come again.This proves that his son David is dead and the father pull up stakes never probe him again. In this stanza it seems the theme has already been set, the popular opinion of dying, grief and sorrowfulness are that theme.The next stanza talks about the letters that David wrote to his father and how there was never a mention of the war, just about what his father should be doing on the farm. The stanza prevail two lines areAnd the Boches have got his body,And I was his incumbent.Boche is a degrading slang word used by the British to mean Germen people during the war. This sort of thing happens whenever a society feels the need to asperse its enemies. This stanza virtually says David is dead, but it also tells us the person writing the poem is Davids officer. This means that the officer would feel more upset at Davids death than would someone who knew him as a casual colleague as he is with his men twenty-four hours a day cardinal days a week.The next stanza saysYou were only Davids father,But I had fifty sonsWhen we went up in the even outingUnder the disgustful of the guns,And we came screen at twilight-O God I heard them callTo me for assist and pityThat I could not help at all.In this stanza the officer is comparing himself to Davids father, saying that the former was not only Davids father, but also a father to all fifty of his men.He says how he had to go over no mans land under the arch of the guns. And on their way back he had heard their screams and although he was homogeneous a father to them all he had to turn away from their screams as he could not help them.Then for the next two stanzas he is not talking to the fathers of his dead men but to the dead men themselves in the sustain two stanzas.In the next stanza he starts by saying how hell never forget his men, perhaps a link to he title, which trusted him. He also says they wereMore my sons than you fathers,For they could only seeThe little helpless babiesAnd the young men in their prideThey could not see you dying,And hold you while you diedIn this section he is not comparing himself the fathers of his men but that he is the father of his men. He says he is because he has seen them in their entirety, not when they were children but when they were weak and dying.The last stanza saysHappy and young and gallant,They saw their initial-born go,But not the strong limbs unconnectedAnd the beautiful men brought low,The piteous writhing bodies,They screamed Dont feed me, sir,For they were only your fathersBut I was your officer.In this last stanza he is again referring to the fact that is mens fathers only see their sons in their quality and that he, their officer, saw them and held them in their last weak moments. He also no longer compares himself to their fathers but says For they were only you fathers, But I was you officer, hence he implies it takes more to be their officer than to be their father.Now I shall discuss Dulce et Decorum est by Wilfred Owen. The title is the radical of a Latin phrase which is Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori which means It is a sweet and modification thing to die for ones country. This is sort of misleading as this gives the look, provided one knows what the complete phra se is and means, of someone who thought that the war was a resplendent one.This is not actually so as he turns that phrase well-nigh by saying it is a lie and saysMy friend, you would not tell with such(prenominal) high zestTo children ardent for some desperate glory,The old inhabit Dulce et decorum estPro patria mori.The first stanza describes the soldiers actions and their condition. To do this he uses allegorys and metaphors. For example, Drunk with fag and Bent double, like beggars under sacks. The first is a metaphor and the imprimatur is a slimily. The stanza is basically a description and when the stanza is read it goes along in a slow steady round of drinks so that when you read the last two lines of the stanzaDrunk with fatigue deaf even to the hootsOf gas-shells dropping quietly behind.you dont realize that something serious has just happened. Then the first part of the first line of the 2nd stanza goes to speech and the urgency picks up, (probably because the rhyth m of the poem speeds up), and hence you realize the importance of the previous two lines. He then describes an ecstasy of fumbling as the soldiers fitted their gas helmets just in clock time. And then he starts the briny point of the poem, the man who plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. From this point, the man who was killed by the gas attack, Owen moves to his moral of the story, the old lie, and displays his anti-war savours to the broad.Now I will move on to The Death Bed by Siegfried Sassoon.In the first stanza you see , already, the evidence of the fact that Sassoon uses metaphors and similes a lot in this poem. at that place are five metaphors and two similes alone in the first stanza and those are entwined as it is. This makes for interesting pictures upon the canvas that is your imagination when you read this poem. In this clenched fist stanza you know someone is dying from the linesSilence and seriousty and his mortal borderLipped by the inward, moonless w aves of death.Also you can see from these lines, the beginning of Sassoons theme of water system.When the next stanza begins you get the feeling of a time lapse as someone is suddenly holding water to his mouth. The stanza then says he can feel his wound throbbing and then the water theme takes over,Water-calm, sliding green above the weir.Water- a sky-lit alley for his boat.and then he sleeps.In the next stanza more time has past and move is in the ward, blowing at the curtain. Then he says that he can only see blots of colour in his drowning eyes.More time passes and he hears rain and music. The last line of this says Gently and slowly washing spirit away which can be linked with the last line of the initiatory stanza.Then it says that his pain leapt like a beast and when he woke he shuddered because the evil thing had passed. In the penultimate stanza it suddenly changes to speech and the person speaking tells everyone to light many candles and you may save him yet. In the last line of this stanza his anti war feeling are shown rather plainly how should he die when merciless old campaigners win safe through.In the last stanza the personification of death in the form of a direct sentence that you could not argue with is shown. But Death replied I choose him. So he wentOn the last line Sassoon reminds us the war was still going on by saying Then, far away, the thudding of the guns.Now I come to the comparison of the three poems. One of the most obvious comparisons is the fact that in both F. A. mac and Owens poems they both use veridical views whereas Sassoon uses more abstract thoughts and he also uses far far more metaphors in his, and he even uses the personification of death. Even though both Owen and F. A. Mackintosh use realistic path Owen uses more graphic details whereas F. A. Mackintosh uses the thoughts of a man for his soldiers. One difference between all the three poems is the prominent sensation in each. Owens is full of hate for the war, F. A. Mackintoshs is full of grief for the loss of his men and in Sassoons there is no way I can really pin a main feeling on it except the feeling of waste that the war produced which is bare in each.Although I say this about Sassoons poem the feeling of hate is made available for seeing in the lines Hes young he hated War how should he die when cruel old campaigners win safe through? , and in this you also see the grief and loss for this man as he was young. They also all have main themes. In Owens there is the theme of death and pain as there is in Sassoons although both are different in that Owens is more graphic in this respect. As for F. A. Mackintosh the theme is one of comparison between the officer and the fathers of his men, so much so in fact that the poem is almost a simile in itself.In conclusion I would say that each of the poems contains the feeling of terrible loss of life in the war and that fundamental feeling links all of the three poems. This means that for all the differences in style all the writers are trying to get the same message across. all in all three poets I would say were anti-war, although in F. A. Mackintoshs poem he does not directly show as the other two authors do.

Sauses of religious crises in nigeria Essay

This essay is an attempt at identifying the remote and ready causes of the incessant sacred crises in northern towns and cities, if youd rather the supposed middle belt political zone of the north. In expressing this view, there is no intention on my part to mock the bones of those who died so abundant ago and who tried, however ineffectually, to lead their people.The thrust of this piece is that the nuisance of ghostly crises in the North is essentially a result of the use of religion to score political goals using religion to confuse or change which set the stage for what we experienced time and again series of carmine provocations, reactions and counter reactions all in the name of religion. This manipulation of religion is orchestrate and masterminded by self-serving elements within the so- travel toed elite class of some(prenominal) the Muslim and Christian religions, herein referred to simply as the manipulators.The motive for the manipulation of religion is a self c entred one, a manner through which selfish politicians chancek to attain undue political leverage in an differently politically competitive level playing field. The reason for this is, in the row of the late Dr. Yusufu Bala Usman to enable this class (the manipulators) to cover themselves with religious and ethnic disguises in order to further entrench division among our people (and) slow kill their awakening at any cost.This is because any single one of them (the manipulators) can non get along as what he really is in the political economy of Nigeria. He has to find a cover. He cannot claim political leadership openly on the grounds that he is, or wants to be, an exporter-importer, a contractor (etcetera) he has to take cover as a Muslim or Christian the manipulation of religion in Nigeria today is essentially a means of creating the context for this fancy-dress ball, for this charade of disguises. (See Dr. Y. B. Usmans The exercise of Religion in Nigeria 1977-1987). of all time wonder why religious crises in Nigeria be essentially a northern affair? Kafanchan, Zangon-Kataf, Tafawa-Balewa, Yelwan-Shendam, Jos, Kaduna, Bauchi etcetera in most places it happened more than once. mingled with 1804 and 1812, an Islamic state, what we now referred to as the Sokoto Caliphate was established as a bye-product of the Islamic reform act started by Shehu Usmanu Danfodio in Hausaland at about 1774. The Sokoto Caliphate comprised of a large chunk of pre-colonial Hausaland Kano, Katsina, Gobir and Zazzau Western flank of the pre-colonial Borno before the Shehus of Kukawa Hadejia, Gumel, Kazaure, Katagum, Misau and Gombe Benue valley and the Bauchi Plateau, including the bring in Jos Plateau Nupe and Ilorin emirates.The Sokoto Caliphate was regarded as a bye-product of the Islamic reform movement because Shehu Danfodio did not set out to conquer lands and territories, but rather to call, as sheik Abdullahi Fodio wrote in Tazyin al-Waraqat to the revival of Faith, and Islam, and good works, and to abandon customs contrary to them. side by side(p) the establishment of the Sokoto Caliphate, the successors of the Shehu and the flag bearers failed to sustain the spirit of the Islamic reform movement rather they were so much after the luxury of life and the delights of agent. As Sheikh Abdullahi Fodio lamented in Tazyin al-Waraqat I am left in the middle of liars and hypocrites who say one thing and do entirely anformer(a), people who do not value knowledge and its pursuit people whose preoccupation is growth of political power for the procurement of sensual comfort through concubines, flutist, beautiful clothing and brisk horsesHaving derailed from the path concretely mapped out by Shehu Danfodio, the successors of Shehu and the flag-bearers rear it more convenient to subjugate and exploit both the non Muslim Hausas (Maguzawa) and the some(prenominal) hundred animist minority tribes and ethnic groups within their domain than to call them t o the Islamic faith. For one hundred years, these non Muslim communities were fit only to table service the Caliphate as major suppliers of slaves, concubines, food and raw materials.In 1903 the Caliphate was overthrown by the British. When the Whiteman came with the Christian religion to this doomed people, a marriage of convenience was inevitable he offered them hope they accepted his religion. The rest is history.In my article titled Nigeria washout Our Dirty Linen in Public published by Gamji in 2007, I described the features of northern Nigerian Christianity when I wrote The Northern Nigeria label of Christianity is, probably, the most politicised version of Christianity on the surface of todays earth. Christianity in the North has a distinct meaning and flavour from anywhere else. In the North, Christianity is, more or less, a political banner, movement or weapons platform upon which all non-Muslim ethnic Northerners flock in opposition to what they perceived as Hausa and Fulani led oppression, both real and imagine.This northern Christian mindset is straighten out if one look at what the average northern Christian cut into the political (read Christian) heart and soul belt as distinct from the geographical Middle belt. The average southern Christian, until very recently, views issues with the Hausa and Fulani led north essentially in regional and tribal terms. The Northern Christian reduces all issues, social, political and in time economic, within the North simply to Islam v. Christianity. Islam is viewed as the symbol of Hausa and Fulani corrupt power and materialism which must be fought at all cost. Some church service leaders indicate to their followers that the secret of their wretchedness can be explained in the prosperity of the other side. This set the background for the fear of the other side. How easily fear leads to distrust, to hatred, to dehumanisation and, to death.Which way out of this quagmire? Manipulation is the root cause of all these crises. Manipulation wrote Dr. Y. B. Usman means essentially absolute the action of a person or group without that person or group knowing the goals, purpose and method of that control and without even be conscious that a form of control is being exercised on them at all. From the foregoing it is clear that the manipulators succeeded in manipulating the people because the people are not aware of being manipulated.The corollary to this premise is that the people result not accept to be manipulated if they are conscious and aware enough to see through the manipulators lies. The one million dollars question then is How do we habilitate the people with the tools necessary for them to be not only conscious and aware of the manipulators tricks, but also to be able to effectively resist them? in a heartfelt way concerned Reader, let us brainstorm to come-up with an answer to this question. This I believe, will be a right step in the right prudence towards finding a lasting solution to this nuisance of incessant religious crises in our dear country.

The Struggle For Social and Economic Equality in America

Discrimination The dispute for social and economic equality of sable people in the States has been long and slow. It is sometimes amazing that any progress has been made in the racial equality arena at altogether every(prenominal) in question(p) step forward seems to be diluted by losses elsewhere. For every Stacey Koons that is convicted, there seems to be a Texaco executive waiting to send unrelentings backb 1 to the past. Through start the skin for equal rights, there have been courageous stark leaders at the forefront of each discrete movement.From early activists much(prenominal) as Frederick Douglass, booker T. cap, and W. E. B. DuBois, to 1960s civil rights leaders and radicals such as Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, and the Black Panthers, the progress that has been made toward across-the-board equality has resulted from the visionary lead of these brave individuals. This does not imply, however, that there has ever been widespread agreement in spite of appearan ce the Black community on strategy or that the actions of prominent Black leaders have met with strong support from those who would benefit from these actions.This report ordain examine the influence of twain early era Black activists Booker T. chapiter and W. E. B. DuBois. Through an analysis of the ideological differences between these two men, the generator will argue that, although they disagreed over the direction of the debate for equality, the differences between these two men actually enhanced the stead of Black Americans in the struggle for racial equality. We will look specifically at the events leading to and border the battle of Atlanta Compromise in 1895. In order to understand the differences in the philosophies of chapiter and Dubois, it is utilitarian to know something about their backgrounds.Booker T. Washington, born a slave in 1856 in Franklin County, Virginia, could be described as a pragmatist. He was only able to attend schooltime three months out of t he year, with the re of importing nine months spent working in coal mines. He developed the idea of Blacks becoming skilled tradesmen as a useful stepping-stone toward respect by the face cloth majority and eventual full equality. Washington worked his way through Hampton Institute and helped found the Tuskeegee Institute, a trade school for low-spiriteds.His essential strategy for the advancement of American Blacks was for them to achieve enhanced status as skilled tradesmen for the present, then using this status as a platform from which to reach for full equality freshr. Significantly, he argued for submission to the ovalbumin majority so as not to offend the power elect. though he preached appeasement and a hands off attitude toward politics, Washington has been accused of wielding imperious power over his people and of consorting with the white elite group.William Edward Burghardt DuBois, on the other hand, was more than of an idealist. DuBois was born in Massachusetts in 1868, notwithstanding after(prenominal)wards the end of the Civil War and the official end of slavery. A gifted scholar, formal tuition played a much greater role in DuBoiss life than it did in Washingtons. After becoming a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Fisk and Harvard, he was the first Black to earn a Ph. D. from Harvard in 1895. DuBois wrote over 20 books and more than 100 scholarly articles on the historical and sociological nature of the Black experience.He argued that an educated Black elite should lead Blacks to liberation by advancing a philosophic and intellectual offensive against racial discrimination. DuBois forwarded the bloodline that The Negro problem was not and could not be kept distinct from other reform movements. . . DuBois fortunate immediate social and policy-making integration and the higher education of a Talented Tenth of the black population.His main interest was in the education of the group leader, the man who sets the ideas of the community where h e lives. . . To this end, he organized the Niagara movement, a meeting of 29 Black business and professional men, which led to the physical composition of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The crux of the struggle for the ideological center of the racial equality movement is perhaps lift out exemplified in Mr. DuBoiss influential The Souls of Black Folk. In it, he makes an impassioned parametric quantity for his vision of an educated Black elite.DuBois also describes his opposition to Booker T. Washingtons Atlanta Compromise as follows Mr. Washington represents in Negro thought the one-time(a) attitude of adjustment and submission According to DuBois, Washington broke the play set by his predecessors Here, led by Remond, Nell, Wells- Brown, and Douglass, a new termination of self-assertion and self- development dawned. But Booker T. Washington arose as basically the leader not of one race but of twoa compromiser between the South, the N orth, and the Negro. DuBois reported that Blacks resented, at first bitterly, signs of compromise which surrendered their civil and policy-making rights, even though this was to be exchanged for larger chances of economic development. DuBoiss period of time and, according to him, the collective opinion of the majority of the Black community, was that self- respect was more important than any potential future economic benefits. Before Washingtons yielding stance gained a foothold, the assertion of the manhood rights of the Negro by himself was the main reliance. In other words, DuBois resented what he saw as Washington merchandising Black pride Mr. Washingtons programme naturally takes an economic cast, becoming a gospel of Work and Money to such an extent as evidently approximately completely to overshadow the higher aims of life.The compromise included, in DuBoiss words, that black people give up, at least for the present, three things, First, political power, Second, mechan ical puppy love on civil rights, Third, higher education of Negro youth,and concentrate all their energies on industrial education, the accumulation of wealth, and the conciliation of the South. The final point comprised the centrepiece both of Washingtons strategy for the ultimate redemption of Black Americans and of DuBoiss condemnation of that strategy. Indeed, Washington backed up his assertions by founding the Tuskeegee Institute as a trade school for young Black men.DuBois could not abide this compositors case of appeasement. In his mind, this step was tantamount to the Black community telling the white community that, henceforth, Blacks would cease pretending to be equal to whites as tender-hearted cosmoss rather, they would accept an overtly inferior social status as being worthy of maintaining the white majoritys physical world, but unworthy of adjust equality, of conducting socio-cultural talk of with the mainstream society. The paradox must(prenominal) have been maddening for both men, especially Mr. Washington.He no doubt understood that, as a group, Blacks could never consent to progress to the point of equality from their position of abject poverty. Moreover, without skills, their hopes of escaping their economic lower status were indeed scant. Washingtons plan for blacks to at least become skilled artisans and tradesmen must have seemed logical to him from the standpoint of improving the economic lot of the mediocre Black man. At the same time, he must have cognise that, by accepting inferiority as a de- facto condition for the replete(p) race, he may have broken the black spirit forever.In considering this matter, the writer is reminded of more recent events in American historythe approving action flap that occurred after Clarence Thomass appointment to the U. S. Supreme Court, for example. Mr. Thomas, clearly a beneficiary of affirmative action, announced that he was nonetheless opposed to it. His argument was that if he had not been eligible for benefits under affirmative action programs, he would have still achieved his current position in the inner class of this societys white power elite. Similarly, Booker T. Washington enjoyed access to the power elite of his time, but one must wonder whether President Roosevelt, for example, in his interactions with Mr. Washington, was not merely using the situation for public relations value.Mr. Washington was intimate with Roosevelt from 1901 to 1908. On the twenty-four hour period Roosevelt took office, he invited Washington to the White House to advise him on political appointments of Negroes in the south. After all, he did not become a universal president by being oblivious to such political maneuvering. perchance Mr. DuBois was the more prescient visionary.Perhaps he understood what Mr. Washington did not, that after the critical historical momentum toward social acceptance that had been established former to the late nineteenth century, if political pres sure were not maintained, the cause of true equality would be lost forever. Moreover, DuBois understood that equality would not be earned through appeasement. From our perspective of over 100 years, we must control that he may have been right. For example, in the aftermath of the Atlanta shambles of September 22, 1906 and a similar incident in Springfield, Illinois, it was clear to almost all the players that the tide was running strongly in favor of jib and militancy.For six days in August, 1908, a white mob, made up, the press said, of many of the towns best citizens, surged through the streets of Springfield, Illinois, killing and wounding scores of Blacks and impetuous hundreds from the city. However, it later turned out that DuBois was considered to be too extreme in the other direction. For example, as the NAACP became more mainstream, it became increasingly conservative, and this did not please DuBois, who left(p) the organization in 1934. He returned later but was even tually shunned by Black leadership both inside and outside of the NAACP, especially after he voiced admiration for the USSR.In the political climate of the late 1940s and 1950s, any hint of a pro-communist attitudeblack or whitewas unwelcome in any group with a field political agenda. We can see, then, that neither Washingtons strategy of appeasement nor DuBoiss plan for an elite Black intelligentsia was to become wholly successful in elevating American Blacks to a position of equality. However, perhaps it was more than the leadership of any one Black man that encouraged African Americans to demand a full measure of social and economic equality.

Emotiv System

Emotiv System Min Company screen background When Tan Le and Nam Do sold their order and earned a large of money in 2003, they decided to take a current challenge about processing brainiac signals. Then, together with Allan Snyder, a physicist and Neil Weste, a chip designer, they founded Emotiv Systems Inc.. The partnership built a R&D lab to develop a workable system about brain signals process. Finally, the team had a breakthrough-successfully developed basic technology called EPOC, which can learn 30 mental states and process brain signals into software algorithms.Now, The company wants to rear this new considerate technology into securities industry. However, there are many issues need to be decided, such as 1. To impel as a PC-only whatsis or both encourage enabled and PC enabled, which is better? 2. If Emotiv plans to launch into console marketplace, what marketing strategy would best promote rapid adoption? 3. What kind of demand could materialize for the EPOC console-enabled? How about if only PC enabled? Technology maturement about brain activity Actually, many approaches were developed all the judgment of conviction for transmitting brain activity.Tech method Advantage Disadvantage fMRI through magnetic properties of oxygenated blood 1. Able to get strong signals2. Able to purloin what different brain structures are doing 1. Much cost2. Large size of tool PET Through injections of radioactive tracers 1. More portable than fMRI machines 1. dear(predicate) process2. Consumer are hard to be willing to endure EEG crosscut brains protective layers 1. Portability2. Low cost 1. Bad make on signal quality EPOC Through a head pot to capture brain signals 1. Portability2.The cost is reasonable According the table above, we knew EPOC is a new technology that is innovative enough for Emotiv to stress launching into market. Console-Enabled market Gaming market is certainly a giant market from which the company can earn amounts of money and creates much profit, especially for console-enabled market. Then, its infallible to seek the chance to cooperate with console makers. The following is the comparison for desire cooperation with different console makers. Console maker Group of consumer Issues Nintendo Wii Casual gamers 1.Lacking in computational power. 2. Planing to localize on improving existing technology instead than trying a new one. Sony PS3 Mix of hard core games Harm for cooperation1. Sony company was highly divisive with PS3 hardware and software. 2. Sony Europe was willing to cooperate with Emotiv, hardly it needed to dumb down EPOC just for releasing a dim-witted version. Benefit for cooperation1. Sony PS3 is less competitive than Wii for less complex controllers and needs a new technology. 2. Sony Europe group has autonomy to decide whether to cooperate with Emotiv. Microsoft Xbox 360 hard-core gamers 1. Not include a high-definition DVD in console2. Taking a policy of wait-and-see. 3. Wanna other(a)s to prove the concepts first According the comparison above, we can reason out Sony is the best choice if Emotiv manages to convince one of the console makers in snip for a fall 2008 debut. And the demand of new product needs to focus on hard-core gamers. Then, the marketing strategy is the key to best advance rapid adoption. Product With the platform of Sony PS3 and EPOC systemPrice Using perceptiveness pricing to capture market share Place Retail furrow including Sony and Best Buy, e-tailers, company Promotion Bundling with PS3, Selling CDs with inclusion of experience, etc PC-Gaming market For gaming, except console gaming, PC gaming also take all over a large part. Therere several features as following. 1. PC gaming was less than 1/5 size of console market. 2. patch development for PC was less concentrated, then there were more PC games. 3. There had been a trend to open brain computer porthole technology. . The demand of PC gaming would focus on very hard-core gamers and role-playing gamers. 5. PC and Console Gaming profits are inversely proportional to each other. Conclusion According all the information above, theres a conclusion that EPOC will have a beautiful probability with no matter Console market or PC-Gaming market. Emotiv may launch its technology at both the markets, but what it needs to do the nearly important now is firstly to launch at console market, seek to cooperate with Sony, capture the market and finally aim at other goals.

Crown Awards, Inc. V. Discount Trophy & Co., Inc.

pennant Awards, Inc. v. sack Trophy & Co. , Inc. U. S. Court of Appeals, bet on Circuit 2009 U. S. App. Lexis 8540 (2009) Material Facts of the Case spinning top Awards is a retailer of awards and trophies sold with and through mail order catalogs and via the net. top knowing and sold a diamond-shaped spinning swag for which it owned dickens secure registrations. idler Trophy is one of crowns competitors, and it sold a plunder that was comfortably equivalent to detonating devices stagger Trophy.Crown requested that throw out discontinue the sales event of the alleged copy, and when rebate refused, Crown filed character in the S placehern District of bare-assed York. Legal and Ethical Issues of the Case In order to prevail on a occupy of copyright invasion, a complainant must confront twain impart power of a reasonable copyright and infringement. To attest infringement, the copyright owner must demonstrate that (1) the defendant has actually copie d the plaintiffs springand(2) the copy is illegal because a substantial similitude exists amid the defendants rick and the protectable elements of plaintiffs. Actual write may be put upd like a shot or indirectly. Indirect evidence of writeincludes proof that the defendants had get at to the copyrighted work and sympatheticities that are probative of write between the works. Because direct proof of chafe is ofttimesimpossible to adduce, the law permits a plaintiff to carry his burden on this bear down through evidence that an alleged infringer had a sensitive possibility of access to the cowcatcher work.Notably, a romance may infer that the alleged infringer had a level-headed possibility of access if the author sent the copyrighted work to a third party mediator who has aclose relationshipwith the infringer. entryway through third parties connected to both a plaintiff and a defendant may be sufficient to prove a defendants access to a plaintiffs work. If a plai ntiff can non demonstrate a reasonable possibility of access, its infringement claim will fail absent proof of a striking affinity between the original and infringing works. We have held that where the works in promontory are so strikingly similar as to preclude the possibility of unaffiliated creation, copying may be be without a showing of access. In almost cases, the similarities between the plaintiffs and defendants work are so extensive and striking as, without more, both to unloosen an inference of copying and to prove indecorous appropriation.If a plaintiff demonstrates actual copying through proof of a reasonable possibility of access and similarities probative of copying, however, it can prevail on its infringement claim by demonstrating that defendants work is substantially similar to that which is original in the plaintiffs expression. With inexact copies, this estimate proceeds by a proportion of the total concept and feel of the contest works as instructed by commonalty sense. The court must analyze the ii works closely to figure out in what respects, if any, they are similar, and then memorise whether these similarities are due to protected aesthetical expressions original to the allegedly infringed work, or whether the similarity is to something in the original that is free for the taking. Rules and rule Utilized by the Court to break down the Dispute The govern court found that Crown owned a valid copyright in its diamond-shaped spinning trophy and that Discount had access to Crowns design through its receipt of Crowns 2006 catalog and its monitoring of Crowns products.The partition court found, however, that Crown had failed to demonstrate that Xiamen Xihua humanities and Craft, the manufacturer of the allegedly infringing trophy, also had access to Crowns design because there was no evidence evidence (1) that Discount asked Xiamen to manufacture a trophy that looked like Crowns copyrighted trophy, or (2) that Xiamen eve r received a Crown catalog.While acknowledging that Crowns design could be viewed on the Internet after January of 2006, the district court storied that there is no evidence in the record about the Internet habits of Xiamens principal. The district court nevertheless inferred access on the part of Xiamen from the striking similarity between the diamond-shaped spinning trophies sold by Crown and Discount. The court get on found that the two products were substantially similar and shared the same total concept and feel. The court further found that the timing of the order from Discount is . . . suggestive of copying, insofar as the first Discount trophies were ordered from Lin in the mid-summer of 2006, which is spotless timing if you worked forward from the publication of the Crown catalogs in 2006 and assumed that Xiamen got to work on fabricating a knockoff shortly thereafter. The district court concluded I regulate independent creation to be not only unlikely besides dead impossible to believe. Accordingly, it ruled in raise of Crown on its claim of infringement.Courts Conclusion The judgments of the district court were affirm in favor of the plaintiff. Defendant Discount appeals from the judgments of the district court, entered after a two-day bench trial, awarding plaintiff Crown $22,845. 18 in damages and $165,528. 01 in attorneys fees and costs for Discounts infringement of Crowns copyrights in the design of the Spin Trophy. Ethical encounter Analysis The decision in the courts ruling emphasizes that copyright infringement is not only illegal, but considered wrong in our society.Copyrights exist for a reason, and peculiarly against with a registered copyright, deliberate copying of a product for the purpose of making a profit is something that should definitely be challenged and awarded to the copyright owner. The theft of intellectual property, as illustrated in this case, is sometimes difficult to prove, but it seemed make in this situ ation that Discount blatantly copied Crowns spinning trophy. Im glad to have seen that Crown was awarded not only in damages, but also for their legal fees.

Organizational Theory Final Paper Essay

Due to the recent and anticipated converts the U.S. disposal has made and continues to stool in procedures regarding pinch awards, as well as foreign market pressures from the frugal downturn, I turn in this proposal as a bran-new undertake to the existing organisational social system.Because endowment fund and loyalty are at such(prenominal)(prenominal) a high premium in todays workforce, I break that the workforce be modified geomorphologicly rather than a full-scale reduction. This economic crisis pass on not last commodious and our real reaction and conclusivenesss get out settle our longevity in the market. So the chief(prenominal) objective of this restructure pull up stakes be to make the best and most honest use of our employees that are committed to go frontwards and to continue to figure grace of God with our employees, shareholders, customers and suppliers.Changes in applied science are not an issue for this incident proposal. The very consti tution of this federation enhances flexibility in expert diversenesss and even off spear-heads veers in some aspects of intentness. in that location may be mild port commutes needed, notwithstanding only to coincide with structural changes. The structural changes should prove to be positively accepted, as underutilization and overutilization issues should be resolved.The outcomes evaluate are* deoxidised costs by realigning talent to appropriate duties* redefining merits for giftes and certain benefits* offering more flexible working conditions for high performance* creating diverse team ups ground on goals and projects* redesign trade di view, re-evaluate goals, re-evaluate performanceForces driving force Change* Characteristics of workforce gestate changed* The organizational structure of this connection embraces military-like order. Modification of this approach is needed to empower team structure and welcome more noncombatant strain approaches as staff an d middle instruction are better ne 2rked, more mobile, and smarter nearly their value and their options in the market. (PWC)* Labor render has changed* Much of the upper management and specialise employees are retired military, conducting them closer to a second retirement. While current conditions crap delayed this trend it still exists. Competing companies precipitously recruit educated and experienced managers and industry specialists so we moldiness realize conditions that will foster satisfaction and loyalty. * Government nail down allocation procedures bear changed* More heed and emphasis must be enjoin on other areas of the high societys businesses for wealth building. Government contracting has familiarised rates and opened the door for small companies to compete for Defense and Aerospace teaming contracts. * Economic downturns have ca utilize readjustments in businesses and education * The chore function company needs to update and meld new business-to-busi ness consulting approaches, enhancing and adding to our strict Six Sigma planning. * The mature Visualization Solutions division needs to lift their products to serve beyond educational facilities, as most facilities are not presently able to invest in progressive technology. These products need to be streamlined to bring the cost of production and cost to customers down.* The twisting follow needs to focus on developing more domestic business. The foreign projects need to be managed by on-the-spot(prenominal) managers via patriots or expatriate assignments. This will reduce expensive unplanned international excursion as well as build advantageouslywill with the natives of the country the project is bruted in. * The Marketing/communications division has ferment obsolete, using old approaches of only upgrading the company website and only attending industry exhibitions and conferences. Marketing has sire impoundd from the energy that exists in the whole of the company, not working hand and glove or creatively with each foot soldier company. This is possibly due to absence seizure of the star of importfulness in the managers, thus lack of motivation.* The amount Divisions need more cohesion in their performance. Due to the overlap of duties between HR, promise and Accounting, there must be little antagonism and more cooperation between the managers. The executives bank on authoritarian leading and job-scare tactic to motivate operations of these segments, thus the managers isolate themselves into their own responsibilities by not manduction schooling or working as cohesive teams to resolve challenges. Obviously, most of these problems have their origin in the finale that has been created in the company.While there are a few who remain loyal to the armorial bearing statement of the company and endeavor to fetch a family-like atmosphere, most managers and employees have befit dissatisfied with not only the gloss yet with their ow n sense of meaning within the company. Thus, the owners and executives must be the number one to revisit the mission statement and goals head start set forth by the owners, create a more cohesive and riskless culture and implement their own change of perspective. Far too often, leaders take away perpetuallyyone else to change, but in reality this ordinarily isnt possible until they first change themselves. (De Smet, et al)One of the strengths to having retired military personnel in lead and production is their ability to win orders and to go out quickly. Most of their experience in military life was often cosmos disposed an order (goal) and some of the necessary resources (most of the cartridge holder), but little knowledge on how to execute it. Much of our nations greatest technology has come from such(prenominal) events. For example, John Shergill itemized 10 American technological advances accomplished during wartime. One of the most capital was the development o f a virtual environment, or the internet. Conceived and designed in the late 1970s during the height of the cold war as a defense against nuclear war. The purview was that if vital government tuition could be stored in a virtual environment, it would be impossible to take out communication theory at one location. The effect of this advancement is obvious to anyone reading this.(Shergill) Necessity being the mother of invention was besides observable when a young officer was precondition command over the technology department where he was deployed. Not only was the technology obsolete, but he had no report how a computer worked. His order was to update and repair the system. Period. He quickly analyzeed and implemented all he could and was booming in not only update but enhancing new technology for that particular base.Today, as a retired Navy colonel, he is a professor of Networking, computer bundle and hardware at an outstanding US college. So the ingenuity and problem work skills that exists within the retired military community is priceless, but their instinctive command-and-control leadership styles have become outdated and ineffective in a civilian business field, specially with civilian employees. Six Sigma approaches have been attractive to the Business Solutions department because it continues to embrace the command-and-control management skills way on optimal production and very little on optimizing producers.Therefore I propose comprehensive and all-inclusive leadership-development train. I understand this may be especially opposed by our Business serve division, as these instructors consider themselves experts in the land of leadership. But it is vital that leaders persist ahead of trends in leadership especially if they train other leaders. Their expertise in traditional instruction of management combine with the evolving principles will not only enhance, but possibly lead to more forward thinking and new approaches as they im plement them. Again, it would be quite in source for the retired military leaders to take what they learn in this area and create even more valuable tactics and approaches that will enrich business leaders the world over. Thus creating a new benchmark for our company and creating a new rivalrous edge.In the April 2012 online edition of McKinsey Quarterly, trine experts in the field of leadership training wrote of their findings in qualification leadership training the fondness of large organizational change. The authors described the situation of one global company as While the need for working(a) change was clearthe performance of the companywas dissonant and in many cases far down the stairs that of competitors in terms of efficiency, productivity, and costso too were the organizational obstacles. Drives for improvement, for example, carried a discoloration of incompetence current performance was considered better enough conflict tended to be passive-aggressive or was a voided entirely andemployees felt that they were treated as cogs and that their supervisors were enforcers.The effect of all this on employees was disengagement, a lack of trust in aged management, and a pervasive fear of making mistakesa worry reinforced by the companys strong culture of safety and of risk aversion (So) the of age(p) team had to look beyond technical foul improvements and focus on helping the companys leaders to master the in the flesh(predicate) behavioral changes needed to support the operational ones. To that end, the company mounted an intense, immersive, and individualized leadership political program (De Smet, et al). The authors note that the program took quartet months for each participant, and included two week-long training programs and ongoing coaching to integrate what they learn with their work experiences. In the span of three years the return on enthronisation in the participants has been tenfold for each leader.The program has increased the co mpanys income by almost $2 million, and the new leadership behavior has been crucial to the companys success and is believed to have made the core organizational changes that were made more effective. So the development program I conjure up needs to include * Integrating leadership training with a BHG (big hairy goal). Without personalizing training it will be ineffective. Without an obtainable and sexually attractive goal training will be a waste of time and effort. * blob the strengths and successes our company has and build on them. subscribe to in our strongest and most dedicated leaders (not necessarily formal managers) and train them in how to skillfully influence change by engaging eitherone involved in the organization.These leaders may need to be considered as new or replacing current ineffective management or at the very least as team/discussion leaders. They are the bridge between corporate office and employee satisfaction. Use our Company Philosophy, found in our E mployee Handbook, to employ our issue Competencies to realize our Vision Statement. * Any change in our organization must be based on honesty. Every employee of our company possesses, or at one time possessed, an expectation of good from us. Being a part of this organization was highly consider in the community and upon hiring, the employees felt eventful and distinct in their field because of our decision to employ. After being employed for to the highest degree 3 years, the most common bluster of the dissatisfaction that puzzles to set in is the irregular statistical distribution of information and a feeling that somatic is not being honest or forthright with them. While this may be a military need-to-know approach to employee management, it is no longer efficient, as our employees are no longer military and they expect inclusion.The leaks and rumors that relegate on all of our job-sites and offices are much more damaging than the truth given from a trusted leader could e ver be. * Common language and vocabulary used by leaders must be adopted. The language of a common vision is powerful, so leaders must be allowed to emerge and reassigned to influence the entire company. supremacy is contagious so the empowered managers will be able to empower employees. * appraise managers skills and interests and place them in the appropriate department. engineering can be learned, but it wont be learned by a dissatisfied manager.* Modify benefits. before long all employees derive their motivation from our bonus plan. Employees have been willing to accept the absence of sick leave, the infrequency of pay raises, and the absence of certain benefits in favor of expecting the year-end bonus. The Employee Handbook indicates that bonuses are discretionary profit-sharing and performance-based rewards provided to employees base on a review of the factors antecedently mentioned in addition to managements recommendations (Our Company Handbook, pg. 11). It should be note d that every employee has different needs and motivations for working with us. We should condition our benefit offering by allowing them to make the decision of whether they would rather have a raise, receive a bonus or an enhancement to their provided benefits.* Subsidiary companies Business organic evolution departments and company-wide Marketing/Communications must baffle to work more cooperatively, beginning with information sharing and frequent interaction. Up to this point, these two departments have functioned exclusively of the other, relying only on each other for necessary information or for marketing tools for conventions/meetings. While BD has relied intemperately on personal contacts networks, it must begin to utilize the principals and power of marketing. Marketing/Communications must begin to pursue the good of each BD department to enhance their efforts. The consignment to the structural changes, development of leaders and employee pleasure must begin with the o wners. It must also be an ongoing commitment, as intermittent attempts will only reinforce scruple and heighten dissatisfaction. Leadership training must become a systemic process, not an event (Day, pg 8).