Malaria Essay -- essays research papers fc

Malaria     Malaria parasites have been with us since the beginning of time, andfossils of mosquitoes up to thirty one million million years old show that malarias vectorhas existed for just as long. The parasites causing malaria atomic number 18 highly specific,with man as the only force and mosquitoes as the only vector. E genuinely year,300,000,000 people are affected by malaria, and while less than one part ofthese people die, there are legato an estimated 1,500,000 deaths per year. WhileMalaria was one of the first infectious diseases to be set successfully witha drug, scientist are still looking for a retrieve or at least a vaccination today(Cann, 1996). though many people are aware that malaria is a disease, they are unwitting that it is life threatening, kills over a million people each year, andis a very elusive target for antimalarial drugs ( give-and-take of Malaria, 1996).     Being a very specific disease, malaria is cause d by only four protozoalparasites plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, andPlasmodium malariae. Not only is the disease specific, but the parasites aretoo, with only 60 of 380 species of female Anopheles mosquitoes as vectors.With the exception of Plasmodia Malariae which whitethorn affect other primates, in allparasites of malaria have only one host, military man sapiens. Because some mosquitoescontain substances toxic to Plasmodium in their cells, not all species ofmosquitoes are vectors of Plasmodium. Although very specific, malaria stillcauses disruption of over three atomic number 6 million people worldwide each year (Cann,1996).     The life troll of the parasite causing malaria exists between twoorganisms, humans and the Anopheles mosquito. When a female mosquito bites ahuman, she injects an anticoagulant saliva which keeps the human bleeding andensures an nonetheless flowing meal for her. When the vector injects her saliva intot he human, it also injects ten percent of her sporozoite load. Once in the birth stream, the Plasmodium travel to the liver and reproduce by asexualreproduction. These liver cells then burst releasing the parasites back intothe bloodstream where they then enter red blood cells. Here, the Plasmodiumfeed on hemoglobin and reproduce again by asexual reproduction. Afterwards, thered blood cells burst and release the parasites. Some of the para... ...ion people annually. Asthe Plasmodium parasites mutate more and more to resist the effect ofantimalarials, it becomes harder for scientist to find a bring back (Treatment ofMalaria, 1996). Over forty percent of the worlds population still at risk fromthis deadly disease, is yearning for a cheap, effective vaccinum (Cann, 1996).BibliographyDr. Cann, Alan J. PhD., "The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Malaria Database",1996, http//www.wehi.edu.au/biology/malaria/who.html.Graham, David, "Malaria-Proof Mosquitoes," Technology R eview, October 1996, Vol.99, Issue 7, p20-22, MAS FullTEXT ELITE, Nancy Guinn Library.Herman, Robert, "Malaria," New Groliers multimedia system Encyclopedia, Copywrite 1996."Atovaquone and Proguanil for Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria," Lancet, June 1,1996, Vol. 347, Issue 9014, p1511-1515, MAS FullTEXT ELITE, Nancy Guinn Library."Limited Imagination," Economist, September 28, 1996, Vol. 340, Issue 7985, p80-82, MAS FullTEXT ELITE, Nance Guinn Library."Treatment of Malaria," New England Journal of Medicine, September 12, 1996, Vol.335, Issue 11, p800-807, MAS FullTEXT ELITE, Nancy Guinn Library.